Economics Environmental Natural Resource -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Economics Environmental Natural Resource? Answer: Introduction Economics, as a subject, is based on several conceptual pillars, the primary ones being those of want, factors of production, scarcity and choices. These concepts are interlinked both from the perspective of the individuals as well as the society. The term want, in terms of economics refers to the desires of individuals, which can be satisfied, with the consumption of goods and services. For the production of each commodity or service, factors of production are required, which are of four types- land, labor, capital and entrepreneurship. All the factors of production are however limited in supply in the world, which gives rise to the concept of scarcity in economics (Baumol Blinder, 2015). From the perspective of society, the term scarcity in economics refers to the constraint in the supply of all the resources of production, which also limits the production of all types of goods and services. Again on the perspective of individuals, there remains scarcity in their affordability due to the presence of income constraint. This concept of scarcity gives rise to the notion of choice (Frank Cartwright, 2013). As resources are scarce, therefore one of the primary challenges faced by the society is the decision regarding what to produce, how much to produce and for whom to produce. This, in other words, indicates towards the fact the society needs to face the trade-offs regarding the production of different goods and services such that the welfare of the society is maximized (Hall Lieberman, 2012). On the other hand, from the perspective of an individual, due to the constraint in the purchasing power, the individual needs to face different tradeoffs while choosing the optimal commodity bundle, which will maximize the satisfaction of the same, thereby bringing in the notion of choice. The Production Possibility Frontier, in economics shows the locus of the different combinations of goods and services (in a two commodity economy) which can be optimally produced in the presence of constant resources and uniform level of technology, at a point of time. The production possibility curve, thus, shows the application of the concept of trade off as for the production of one additional unit of one commodity, in the PPF model, leads to reduction in the production of the other (Pindyck Rubinfeld, 2014). Any point below the curve is inefficient and any point outside it is unattainable at that point of time. The PPF Model represents the following economic concepts: Scarcity- Scarcity in economics refers to the fact that no resources in this world are limited. This in turn leads to the problem of trade off between the production of different goods and services, which in turn is depicted in the production possibility model. Opportunity cost- The opportunity cost of choosing one unit of a commodity is the amount of the next best alternative, which is sacrificed or foregone to consume that particular unit of the former commodity. This is shown in the production possibility curve, as can be seen from the above figure. To increase the production of X from XA to XB, the production of Y has to be reduced from YA to YB (Stock Watson, 2012). Choices- The PPC theory also depicts the economic concept of choices, as due to the presence of scarcity of resources, there comes the need for choices of production of different goods and services in quantities such that the welfare of the society is maximized (Tietenberg Lewis, 2016). References Baumol, W. J., Blinder, A. S. (2015).Microeconomics: Principles and policy. Cengage Learning. Frank, R., Cartwright, E. (2013).Microeconomics and behaviour. McGraw Hill. Hall, R. E., Lieberman, M. (2012).Microeconomics: Principles and applications. Cengage Learning. Pindyck, R. S., Rubinfeld, D. L. (2014). Microeconomics. Stock, J. H., Watson, M. W. (2012).Introduction to econometrics: Global edition. Boston, MA: Pearson Education. Tietenberg, T. H., Lewis, L. (2016).Environmental and natural resource economics. Routledge